T. S. Eliot (1888–1965) was a poet, playwright, critic, publisher, and author of The Waste Land, arguably the most influential poetic work of the twentieth century. Born in St. Louis and educated at Harvard and the Sorbonne, in 1914 he immigrated to England, where Ezra Pound befriended and mentored him. The publication of Prufrock and Other Observations (1917), his first collection, established Eliot immediately. Other notable works include Ash-Wednesday; Old Possum’s Book of Practical Cats; Four Quartets; and the play Murder in the Cathedral. Eliot was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1948.

Tradition and the Individual Talent

An Essay

by T. S. Eliot
I.

In English writing we seldom speak of tradition, though we occasionally apply its name in deploring its absence. We cannot refer to “the tradition” or to “a tradition”; at most, we employ the adjective in saying that the poetry of So-and-so is “traditional” or even “too traditional.” Seldom, perhaps, does the word appear except in a phrase of censure. If otherwise, it is vaguely approbative, with the implication, as to the work approved, of some pleasing archaeological reconstruction. You can hardly make the word agreeable to English ears without this comfortable reference to the reassuring science of archaeology.
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